Necessities for the Acceptance of Security Council Resolution 598

Irdc.ir: The eight-year imposed war of the Ba'athist regime of Iraq against Iran, which began on September 22, 1980, had great costs for the Islamic system of Iran. Although in this unequal war the major world and regional powers supported Saddam's regime, but the great nation of Iran, relying on God and following the wise and authoritative leadership of Imam Khomeini and by sacrificing the warriors of Islam, formed a holy defense that it has been unique in the history of this country. The history of holy defense is reminiscent of the bravery and heroism of a nation that influenced by the culture of Ashura, did not accept humiliation and defended the soil, honor and territorial integrity of the Islamic Republic until the last breath and sacrificed precious martyrs in this way. Defending the ideals of the Islamic Revolution was obligatory according to the idealistic theory of Imam Khomeini and proved the religious authority for all people in jihad in defense of Islam and the Islamic homeland and there was no doubt about it. However, the realities of the holy defense were such that there was a need to end this imposed war, both internally and internationally, and to lead the leader of the Islamic regime to accept the resolution despite his ulterior motives.

Security Council Resolution 598 was one of the Security Council resolutions issued on July 18, 1987, to end the war between Iran and Saddam's Ba'athist regime; this resolution had features that set it apart from previous resolutions. This resolution was the most detailed in terms of quantity and number of words used, the most fundamental in terms of content, and the strongest in terms of executive guarantee of the Security Council resolution on the imposed war of the Ba'athist regime against Iran.

Security Council Resolution 598, which was drafted and approved a few months after the successful implementation of Operation Karbala 5 by Islamic militants. was the eighth resolution during the imposed war. But this resolution had a fundamental difference from previous resolutions, which was that it recognized the legal status of the "war" between Iran and Iraq. The main feature of this resolution compared to previous resolutions was that it not only called on both sides to calm down, but also addressed the issue of identifying the aggressor and paying compensation. The resolution addressed some of Iran's demands, such as determining the aggressor and paying compensation, and this was in fact a concession to encourage Iran to start negotiations.

With the issuance of Resolution 598 by the United Nations, this resolution was immediately accepted by the Ba'athist regime in Iraq, but the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran did not accept it for a year due to some weaknesses and shortcomings. After the deliberate attack of the American warship Vincennes on the passenger plane of the Islamic Republic of Iran over the Persian Gulf, which killed 290 passengers, including dozens of women and children, and Saddam's chemical bombing inside Iraq, which killed hundreds of thousands of people, the officials of the Islamic system considered it expedient to accept the resolution. Therefore, on July 18, 1988, the Islamic Republic of Iran formally informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Dekoyehyar, that it accepts Resolution 598 in order to prevent killings and to establish justice and peace in the region and the world.

By accepting the resolution, Iran believed in a ceasefire and implemented it, but Saddam's Ba'athist regime continued its attacks and re-entered Iran to gain important points, including Khorramshahr, by occupying parts of the country and even Bringing some Iranian prisoners would have been a better situation in the negotiations, but it did not succeed due to the divine power and defense of the zealous warriors of Islam, and finally the war ended on August 20, 1988.